Semester Reflection

This semester i learned so much in Graphics. I learned how to use Illustrator and Photoshop. I also learned how to use a Mac computer well. I really enjoyed the projects because it allowed us to be creative and not follow directly any set rules. I would like to learn how to use photoshop a little better next semester! This class has been so much fun this year and I can't wait until next semester!

Review Week 17

Yes, I learned that there are many types of serif fonts, such as adnate and abrupt serifs. Adnate serifs appear to be more organic. Abrupt serifs is more square and rigid. Also, I learned that on a letter the rounded part is called a bowl and the middle part of a letter is called a spine.

Review Week 16

How many points are in an inch? How many points are in a pica?
12 points
Of the seven classifications, which classification(s) would best work as body type? Why?
Serif or Sans Serif
Identify the lowercase characters that have ascenders?
d,b, h
Identify the lowercase characters that have descenders?
p, y, f 
Classify the following typefaces and briefly explain why you believe it should be classified that way:

sans serifscript 
decorative
serifold style

Review Week 14

Identify 5 colleges that offer graphic design (or related) majors. For each, list the school name, location, graphics majors that are offered, requirements for admission. 


SCAD:  Savannah, GA:  Survey of Art Applications, Typography, Graphic Design Studio 1:  Portfolio, GED
Carnegie Mellon University:  Pitsburg, PA: Good scores on SAT and ACT and high GPA: color communication, product design
Rhode Island School of Design:  Rhode Island: typography, investigation of color, practice of print and media:  porfolio, SAT/ACT scores, GED
Virginia Common Wealth University:  Virginia:  Drawing studio (prereq), typography, imaging, design technology:  pre courses in graphic design, GED, portfolio, ACT/SAT scores
Maryland Institute College of Art:  Maryland:  typography, design technology:  GED, portfolio, SAT/ACT scores




What is a portfolio?
A folder of all an artist's best work.
What is the importance of a portfolio?
Most Art schools require a portfolio to be submitted for admission.

Podcast #4

Define typography?
The art of expressing ideas through typefaces

Where did the word "typography" originate from?
Greek Form

What does typography involve?


Creating and Modifying type using different illustrations


What is a typeface?designs or visual symbols used to create a design


What is another term for typeface?Font


What is a character?
Symbols that make up a typeface

What is type style?
Modifications of typeface

What does type style "create" within a design?Creates bold, italics, condensed, Roman, heavy


What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
Imaginary line drawn through the middle of characters

What is a base line and what does it indicate?
Its where the majority of  the letters bottoms end

What is an ascender?
Parts of letters that extend higher

What is a descender?
Part of letter that extends lower than the rest

Describe a serif?
Parts of the letter that make a line on the ends

How can the size of the typeface be identified?
Points

What is a point?
Size of letter

How many points are in an inch?
72

What is a pica and how many are in an inch?subdivision of point, 6 Picas per inch

How many points are in a pica?12 points per Pica

What is body type and where can it be found?
Types that range from 4pt.-12 pt.

What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
readability

What is display type and how is it used?headlines, subheadlines, anything above 14 points

What is reverse type and when would it be used?
call attention to a message, consistent white type on a darker background

What is a typeface classification?
categorizing typefaces into different type of type

When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?
1517
Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?
elaborate thick strokes

When was Old Style invented and what was is based on?
created to replace blackletter

Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
serifs, thick and thin

When were formal scripts developed?
hand writing

When were casual scripts developed?
a few centuries after formal

Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
long serifs, calligraphy like

When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
extreme thick and thin, serifs

Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
type with serifs and different thickness

How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
5th century, Old style, made it obsolete in the 20th century

When did they become popular?
1920s



What does "sans serif" mean?
No lines extend from the ends of the letters

Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
No serif uniform weight

When was Slab Serif developed and why?
19th century for advertising

Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
thick, chunky serifs


Describe Decorative typefaces?
can't be classified

Why were they developed?
for specific themes

What are they best used for?
advertising

Review Week 13

Find an example that utilizes the principle within the design. You should have 8 DIFFERENT sample designs. For each,discuss how the particular principle is used. 

Unity:  This picture is showing unity because the same colors are used in different parts of  the painting. 

Contrast:  There are many different colors used in this picture therefore it demonstrates contrast.

Movement:  This picture is blurred to give the effect of movement throughout the painting.

Rhythm:  This picture uses the same image of an orange over and over again to represent a rhythmic feel to the painting.

Gradient:   This picture has orange shades fade throughout the painting making it gradient.

Proportion:  The lips in the painting are bigger in this picture making the proportion of the painting different.

Variation:  MAny colors are used in this piece of art so there is variation.

Balance:  This picture is symmetrical so it is balanced.

How do you add a layer mask to a particular layer?
You can drg it or press the layer mask button
What two colors are used to create the mask?
Black and White
Describe the process of using a layer mask?

You press the button which creates a mask then switch the colors then use the brush.

Stephen Kroninger

What kind of art/design does he produce?
Abnormal, creative, unproportional art.


In what publications/media studios has his work been featured?
Museum of Modern Art

Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece...Was this piece published? 

This piece of art was published. 

This piece of art was not published. Different proportions are used to give the picture a more animated effect. An principle of design used would be the different textures in the clothes. 

Where?

What principles of design were utilized within the piece? How?

What elements of design were utilized?

Review Week 12

How can you, as the designer, use principles of design to help compose a page?

Principles help add new aspects to a design. One principle that can help add to a design  would be balance because it helps draw the eye to important aspects of a design and allows contrast to take place without being to overpowering.

What are the principles of design (define each in your own words)?
Balance is applying symmetry to a design. Proportion relates to how items fit into a design based on their size. Rhythm emphasizes similarities in certain aspects of the design throughout. Emphasis puts a "spotlight" on certain parts of a design. Unity ties together the whole design. 

Podcast #3

Define principles of design?
Concepts used to arrange element of a composition.


What do the principles of design affect?
Affect the message of the design.



What is the principle of repetition?
Same aspect of a design throughout the design.


Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?
Ties the design together, catches the viewers attention, controls the eye of the viewer



What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?
You can include the repetitive design in different parts of the design to guide the viewers eye





What should you avoid when working with repetition?

What is the principle of proportion/scale?

What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?

How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?

What is the principle of balance?Arranging of elements within a design where no part of the design overpowers another.


Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?
Colors that are greatly saturated.
What is another name for symmetrical balance?

Define symmetrical balance?

What is another name for asymmetrical balance?

Define asymmetrical balance?

What is the principle of emphasis?

What happens to a design that has no focus?

What is a focal point and how is it created?

How many components of a composition can be a focal point?

What ways can emphasis be created in a design?

What is the principle of unity?

What three ways can unity be obtained?
1.

2.

3.

What is the principle of variety?

What ways can a designer add variety to a design?

Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?

What is figure?

What is another name for figure?

What is ground?

What is another name for ground?

When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?

Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?

What is the principle of rhythm?

How is rhythm achieved?

What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1.

2.

3.

How does rhythm help a composition/design?

What is the principle of contrast?

How can contrast help a design?

What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?

What is the key to working with contrast?

What are some common ways of creating contrast?

Andy Warhol

Within what art genre did Warhol work?

Popart

Define the genre?

Taking a regular picture of someone or something and adding irregular bright colors to it in place of its natural colors.

During what years was he alive?

1892-1972

Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece.

Title of the piece?

Describe the color that he utilizes. Does he use any particular color scheme?

What do you notice about the artwork itself?

Diamond Dust Shoes, he doesn't use a color scheme, he uses many different colors to shoe the craziness of the picture.

Cross, he doesn't use a color scheme, he wants the picture to appear simple.

Review Week 10

SPLIT-COMPLEMENTARY

ANALOGOUS

MONOCHROMATIC

\
COMPLEMENTARY


TRIADIC

Review Week 9

Vector Graphics vs. Pixel:  Pixel images are constructed by little tiny boxes. The number of boxes are connected to the resolution of the image. When you try to stretch a pixel image it becomes unclear. Vector graphics are based off of mathematical equations. When they are stretched to become larger, the image stays the same quality.

What resolution is required to print raster images?
300 DPI


What resolution is necessary to display raster images on the internet?

72 DPI

Steve Jobs

Who was Steve Jobs?
Founder and CEO of the company, Apple.

What company was he CEO for many years?
APPLE

What did he do for the computer industry?
He helped create this successful business which created the ipod, iphone, and mac computers.

How did this man impact the graphic design industry?

He advertised a lot with his apple products which impacted the graphic design industry a lot.

Potato Head

Review Week 8

Why must designers pay close attention to how color is utilized within a composition?

Color adds many things to a composition. Colors are used to symbolize mood and depth, so the colors that are used have a huge impact on the meaning of an image.

Why is the color wheel an important tool for graphic designers?

The color wheel can show a designer what colors go together and which ones clash. Also, the color wheel shows the progression of colors.

Add an example of neutral colors utilized within a design (hint: google poster design). Near the sample, discuss why you feel the designer included neutral colors within the composition.

This poster uses the neutral colors of brown and beige. The designer, in my opinion, used neutral colors to symbolize the simpleness of their photography company. If bright colors would have been used, it would have distracted the viewer away from the purpose of the poster.

Briefly describe how we "see" the color of an object?

We see the color of something by wavelengths. Each wavelength shows a different color. When a wavelength is reflected off of something, light is shown.

Podcast #2

The right use of color can do what?
Maximize productivity, minimize visual fatigue, and relax the whole body

Within the electromagnetic spectrum, which waves allow us to see color?
Visible Light

Describe white light?
Equal parts of all colors in the electromagnetic spectrum.

How do we see color if objects "have no color of their own"?

Absorb/reflect color

What is a glass prism?
Transparent, triangular object that breaks white light into all different colors.

What seven colors result when white light is refracted through a prism?
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

Describe hue?
Color of light itself; each different hue has a different reflected wavelength

When does white light occur? 
All wavelengths are reflected back to your eye.

When does black light occur?
No light is reflected to your eye.

How color is perceived depends on what?
The type of light that it is seen with.

What is a color wheel?
Visual tool that shows the relationship with primary, secondary, and tertiary colors.

What are primary colors? Name them? 
Can only be naturally created. Red, yellow, blue.

What are secondary colors? Name them?
Primary+Primary; Orange, Green, Purple

What are tertiary colors? Name them?
Primary+Secondary; Red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, blue-green

What are neutral colors? How can they be created?

The colors don't show up on the color wheel; very low in saturation. Black, grey, whites, browns

How can a neutral color help a design?

Help put the focus on other colors

What are complementary colors? Name them?

 Positioned opposite of each other on the color wheel. Red, green, orange, blue, yellow, and violet

What is color value?

Lightness or darkness of a hue or color

What is a shade?

Adding black to a hue produces a low-value color (AKA shade)

What is a tint?

Adding white to a hue produces a high-value color (AKA tint)

What is saturation/intensity?

Brightness of a color

What happens when you mix complementary colors together?

Dull tone

Describe color harmony?

Pleasing arrangement of colors

What is a color scheme?

Harmonious color combinations

Describe a monochromatic color scheme?

Uses tints and shades (values) of one color; clean and elegant, easy on the eyes

Describe an analogous color scheme? '

Uses 3 adjacent colors on the color wheel one color is used as a dominant color while the rest are used to enrich the scheme; often found in nature and is pleasing to the eye, bright and cheery effect

Describe a complementary color scheme?

Uses 2 colors opposite each other on the color wheel, will draw a lot of attention

Describe a split-complementary color scheme?

Uses three colors:  1 color and 2 adjacent to its compliment; will draw attention but without the tension in the complementary color scheme.

Describe a triadic color scheme?

Uses 3 colors equally spaced; strong visual balance

What colors are considered to be warm colors?

Yellow, orange, red

Describe a warm color scheme?

Bold and energetic; tend to appear closer, don't overwhelm the design

What colors are considered to be cool colors?

Green, Blue, Violets

Describe a cool color scheme?

Calm, rarely overpowers the design appears farther away, illusion of depth

Why is important to consider which colors are being used within a design?
Colors help convey the message of a design, creates an emotional reaction.

Review Week 6

What is the pen tool used for?

The pen tool is used to create curved or detailed lines. It is good for tracing.

How can you manipulate a path/line in Illustrator? Discuss the use of the white arrow tool, pen+, pen-, and convert too.

You manipulate with the convert tool. The white arrow tool allows you to drag the line to how you want it. The + and - pen tools allow you to add or subtract the anchors on the lines. The pen plus adds anchors and pen minus subtracts anchors.   The  convert tool allows you to manipulate your lines.

How can you utilize the layers palette in Illustrator? 

You can trace on the layers and create places to draw.

How do you create a clipping mask in Adobe Illustrator?

First you draw a rectangle around your area you want the design. The rectangle should have no fill or line. Then select everything you drew. Then go to object, clipping mask, make.

Review Week 5

For each of the 5 elements of design (shape, line, texture, space, value), find an example that utilizes each element within the design (Google search for poster design, advertisements, etc). You should have 5 DIFFERENT sample designs. 

For each, evaluate the design in 4 to 5 sentences. Label each with the appropriate element. Then, discuss how that particular element is used and how it enhances the design. 

SHAPE:  In this design, shape is used to attract a persons attention. The shapes in this picture are fun and attract younger and older viewers. By adding a heart to the poster, the poster becomes more childish and fun.  By having all of the shapes different, it makes the poster more interesting.

SPACE:  In this poster, the space surrounding the words gets the point across. The poster is making you think about design in a visual aspect. It is ironic how simple the design is visually but speaks so powerfully. Sometimes, space is necessary to get a point across.

VALUE:  In this poster, value is used between the man and the sky. By making the sky dark and gloomy, and the man strong and grey, he stands out. The contrast between the man and background make him become the focal point of the poster. Also, the contrast in color between the words and surrounding makes the words stand out better.

LINE:  In this poster lines are used to make the poster more fun. The lines make the "creatures" seem like the are enjoying their selves with the music. The lines also add attention to the headphones in their ears. Also, the lines make the viewer look right at the arms and then they see it is a music poster

TEXTURE:  This poster uses texture for the background. The background makes the poster appear older. Especially with the type of writing, this background goes with the theme of the poster. The writing looks like graffiti and the texture is like a dirty wall. The texture in this poster helps convey the message.

SHAPE

SPACE

VALUE

LINE

TEXTURE

Review Week 4

Why/How can icons be used?

Icons can be used to send visual messages. By using certain lines, shapes, and colors, icons can help symbolize important elements within the icon.

What is the difference between copyright and public domain?

Copyright means that the owners have right to anything that happens to their item. Public domain is when the copyright has expired.

How can you avoid plagiarism in this class? In other classes?

To avoid any plagiarism in this class you must be creative and use your own ideas. In other classes, you have to do the same.

Review Week 3

What is OHSA?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

How can graphic designers effectively communicate? In your own words, explain the communication process.

Graphic designers communicate visually. They make icons and pictures to communicate ideas. To get their ideas across completely, graphic designers, use colors, shapes, and text to apply their message to their work.

Understanding the history, culture and movements of fine and graphic arts will make you a better producer of visual messages. Why?

Understanding the history of graphic design shows the process of the design method. Knowing the history and movements of graphic design helps the designer stay up to date with the latest trends, technology, and communication skills.